Define the term "monarchy."

The term "monarchy" refers to a form of government where a single individual holds the highest authority, often referred to as a king or queen. This leadership role is typically hereditary, meaning it is passed down through family lines, and the reigning monarch usually has significant influence over the state's governance, laws, and culture. Monarchy can vary in degree of power; in an absolute monarchy, the monarch wields full control over the government, while in a constitutional monarchy, their powers are limited by a constitution or legislative body.

Understanding this definition highlights why the choice related to a single person effectively describes a monarchy, contrasting clearly with other forms of governance, such as representative democracy, which is characterized by elected officials; constitutional systems that emphasize legal frameworks; and democratic styles that promote widespread citizen participation in decision-making.