What describes the process of cultural exchange that can lead to assimilation?

Cultural diffusion is the process that describes how cultural elements, such as ideas, customs, and technologies, spread from one society or cultural group to another. This phenomenon often occurs when groups come into contact through trade, migration, or other forms of interaction. As different cultures exchange these elements, it can lead to assimilation, where members of one culture adopt the practices and beliefs of another, often resulting in a merging of cultural traits.

For instance, when migrants settle in a new region, they might adopt local customs, language, and lifestyle, while also introducing aspects of their original culture to the new community. This reciprocal exchange and blending of cultures can ultimately lead to new cultural forms and practices, illustrating how cultural diffusion facilitates assimilation.

Cultural appropriation refers to the adoption of elements of one culture by members of another culture, often without understanding or respect for the original context, and is not inherently a two-way exchange as seen in cultural diffusion. Enculturation is the process by which individuals learn and adopt the norms and values of their own culture, rather than through interaction with other cultures. Cultural relativism emphasizes understanding and evaluating cultural practices within their own contexts without bias, which does not specifically describe the process of cultural exchange leading to assimilation.