What is nationalism?

Nationalism is primarily a political ideology that emphasizes the interests, culture, and identity of a specific group or nation. It involves fostering a sense of belonging among individuals who share common cultural, historical, or linguistic ties, often promoting the idea that this group deserves self-governance or greater autonomy within a state. This ideology can manifest in various ways, including a desire for independence or unity among those who share a national identity.

The focus on promoting the interests of a particular culture aligns perfectly with the definition of nationalism, as it encapsulates the core principle of prioritizing a group's aspirations and well-being above others. This can lead to both positive outcomes, such as cultural pride and social cohesion, and negative consequences, such as inter-national conflict or exclusion of minority groups.

In contrast, other options refer to different concepts that do not accurately define nationalism. The belief in the superiority of one political system pertains more to political ideologies like authoritarianism or liberalism, while the movement advocating for global unity focuses on internationalism rather than national identity. Lastly, the theory supporting the separation of church and state is related to governance and religious freedoms, which stands apart from the principles of nationalism that revolve around civic identity and loyalty to a nation or culture.